Device for relieving resistance and propelling flying, swimming, and other moving bodies



Feb. 25, 1930. J. MAIER-BEHRING DEVICE FOR RELIEVING RESISTANCE AND PROPELLING FLYING, SWIMMING, AND OTHER MOVING BODIES Filed May 20. 1927 ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 25, 1930- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN MAIER-BEHBING, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

' DEVICE FOR BELIEVING RESISTANCE AND PBOPELLIN'G FLYING, SWIMMING, AND

OTHER MOVING BODIES Applleation filed May 20,

The present invention relates to a device more especially adapted for relieving resistance and propelling flying, swimming and other moving odies, and a purpose is to provide, in a device of this character, means on the nose of the body for taking away the air orwater from the side of the nose of the body thereby relieving excessive resistance, and facilitating propulsion for the body.

Another purpose, is to provide a tapered nose sleeve with a helical spiral constructlon thereon, wherein the surfaces of the spiral act to force the water or air away from the faces of the spiral, greatly relieving the resistance 1| and acting to materially propel the body.

Still another purpose is to provide, in a device of this lfind, a conical sleeve with an outer spiral surface, wherein the flanks of the spiral are disposed at angles to the axis of 220 the sleeve, so that the sleeve when rotatmg in one direction will cause the body to move rearwardly, and when rotating in the opposite direction will cause the body to move in an opposite or forward direction.

A further purpose is the provision of a device of this kind including a conical sleeve for moving bodies, one particularly adapted for use in connection with grenades, to not only relieve the resistance heretofore existing 80 on the grenade in its passage through the air,

but also assisting materially in causing the grenade to move faster and more accurately toward the point to which it is aimed.

It is to be understood that the particulars herein given are in no way limitive, and that while still keeping within .the scope of the invention, any desired modification of details and proportions may be made in the construction of the appliance according to circumstances. I

The invention comprises further features and combination of parts to be hereinafter set forth, shown in the drawings and claimed.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a portion of a moving body, showing the improved conical nose sleeve as applied and also illustrating its helical spiral thereon, 50 with certain of the flanks of the spiral par- 1927. Serial No. 192,980.

allel with the axis of the nose sleeve to relieve resistance.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on l1ne 22 of Figure 1, showing the nose sleeve sliightly modified wherein certain of its faces or anks are disposed at an angle to the axis of the nose sleeve, for propelling action.

Figure 3is a detail view showing the conical nose sleeve as applied to a grenade.

Figure 4is'a detail view showing the device as applied to a moving body such as a submarine or torpedo body, wherein the conical nose sleeve 17 is not rotatable or revoluble, the engine or motor driving a suitable propeller diagrammaticall Figure 5-is a view s owing the nose sleeve for use in connection with a torpedo or submarine body without a propeller at the rear, and wherein the sleeve is rotatable with the en ine shaft.

eferring to the drawings, 1 identifies a body which may be adapted for movement through the air or water, and in Figure 3- 1identifies the body of a grenade, and 2 its nose portion.

However, the body 1 in Figures 1 and 2, carries a shaft 3, which is capable of revoluble movement by any approved means, not shown, and which is mounted in a bearing 4 and is extended through the end wall 5 of the body, and an opening 6 made to accommodate the shaft 3.

The nose member 7 fits a shouldered portion 8 of the end wall 5 of the body 1, and this nose member has an annular shoulder 9. The nose member is conical, and its apex 10 is axially aligned concentrically with the body.

The nose member has a bearin 11 consisting-of a flanged sleeve, which ts in the nose member, the flange 12 of the sleeve contacting with the inner portion of the hollow of the nosemember. The inner" end of the sleeve engages with the shoulder 13.

It is to be noted that the shaft 3 at a point beyond the nose member terminates into a conical extremity 14, the base 15 of which is larger in diameter than the portion 16 of the shaft 3. The fact is the portion 16 merges arcuately into the conical extremity 14.

Mounted upon the conical extremity 14 and fittin the nose member is a nose sleeve 17. The fact is the tapered chamber 18 of the nose sleeve frictionally engages and rotates with the conical extremity 14, so that the nose sleeve and the shaft will rotate as one body. The purpose of this construction is that when the shaft revolves, the nose sleeve with its helical spiral 19 acts to relieve any resistance toward retarding the movement of the body. I

In Figure 1 the helical spiral extends from a sharpened point 20 to the base of the sleeve, and the flanks 21 of this spiral have their surfaces parallel with the axis of the nose sleeve. The flanks 22 of the nose sleeve are at right angles to the flanks 21. The flanks 22 give place to the particles of water which move along the flanks 21, and when the device operates in air, the flanks are retrocecling before the pressure of air.

In Figure 2 it will be noted that the flank 23 of the helical spiral extends at an acute angle to the axis of the nose sleeve, acting to force the air or water in the direction of the arrow 2, that is at an angle to the axis of the nose sleeve, for causing the moving body to travel in one direction, while the flank 24 forces the water or air away from the nose sleeve at an acute angle from the axis of the sleeve, but at an angle just the opposite to the angle indicated by the arrow a the latter direction in which the water or air is forced is indicated by the arrow 6, thereby moving the body in an opposite or forward direction. 7

Referring to Figure 3, it will be noted that the conical nose sleeve with its helical spiral thereon is threaded and tightly fixed on the nose member or nose of a grenade, thereby simplifying the construction of the grenade when this improved device is applied thereto, the rifling of the bore of a cannon and the helical spiral being constructed in the same direction. In other words, if the helical spiral is constructed on a pitch toward the left, then the rifling in the bore of a cannon is likewise constructed toward the left.

In Figure 3, the moving body is that of agrenade, which has the nose sleeve 17 fixed to the end of the moving body, with a collar 17* at the opposite end, which engages with a rifling of the bore of a cannon, the rifling of the bore not shown, being approximately on the same pitch as the spirals of the nose sleeve 17.. 1

In Figures 4 and 5 the nose'sleeves 17 and 17 are shown as adapted for use in connection with torpedoes or submarines. In the first instance the nose sleeve is not rotatable with the engine shaft diagrammatically illustrated at 17 which drives a conventional type of propellor 17 while in the second instance the nose sleeve 17 is rotatable with the en ine shaft 17", which is diagrammatically il ustrated.

The invention having been set forth, what is claimed is:

1. The combination with a body for travel through air 'orwater having a nose member, and a conical nose sleeve carried by the member, saidnose sleeve having formed in its wall a helical spiral, said helical spiral comprising flanks, one flank approximating parallelism with the axis of the nose sleeve, the

other flank extendng from and approximately at right angles to the first flank and rear-v mating parallelism with the axis of the ,nose

sleeve, the other flank extending from and approximately at right angles to the first flank and rearwardly at an acute angle to the axis of the nose sleeve, whereby the water may be forced away from the spiral in directions as specified and thereby relieve resistance.

3. The combination with a body adapted for travel through air or water and provided with a nose member having a shoulder, of a shaft rotatable in the nose member, a nosesleeve carried by the shaft and telescopically fitting the conical nose member rotatably, the nose sleeve having a forward sharpened apex, said nose sleeve having formed in its wall a helical spiral extending from the base toward and merging into the sharpened apex of the sleeve, said helical spiral comprising flanks, one flank approximating parallelism with the axis of the nose sleeve, the other flank extending from and approximately at right angles to the first flank and rearwardly at an acute angle to the axis of the nose sleeve, whereby the water may be forced away from the spiral in directions as specified and thereby relieve resistance.

4.' Thecombination with a body adapted for travel through air or water and provided with a nose member having a shoulder, of a shaft rotatable in the nose member, a nose sleeve carried by the shaft and telescopically fitting the conical nose member rotatably, the nose sleeve having a-forward sharpened apex and provided witha helical spiral extending from the base toward and merging into the sharpened apex of the sleeve, the end of the body having a shouldered portion, the nose member fitting the shouldered portion and having a bearing through which the shaft passes, said shaft having a conical extremity on which the nose sleeve is frictionally mounted for movement therewith.

5. In a device for relievin resistance and propelling moving bodies, a ody-member, a driven shaft mounted in bearings of the member with its end protruding be end the body and terminating in. a tapere extremity, a nose member fittingly attached to one end of the body and having a bearing for said shaft to the rear of the tapered extremity, said nose member being conical and having a shoulder near its base, a nose sleeve frictionally and tightly engaging with the tapered extremity of the shaft, said nose sleeve being conical correspondingly and conically fitting over the nose member and having an internal shoulder correspondin with the shoulder of the nose member, sai nose sleeve being exteriorly conical and having a helical spiral extendin from the base of the sleeve to its apex, said helical spiral comprising flanks, one flank approximating parallelism with the axis of the nose sleeve, the other flank extendng from and-approximately at right angles to the first flank and rearwardly at an acute angle to the axisof the nose sleeve, whereby the water may be'forced away from the spiral in directions as specified and thereby relieve resistance.

6. In a device as indicated, a body member for travel through air or water a nose member fittinglyattached to one end of the body, a driven shaft in bearings of the body and having one end protruding beyond the nose member, a nose sleeve frictionall fitted to the extended end of the shaft an rotatable therewith, said sleeve movably fitting over the nose member, the exterior surface of the wall of said sleeve beingv provided with a helical spiral, the flanks of which being of such pitch as to relieve resistance.

7. In a device for the purpose indicated, a

body member, a nose sleeve operatively' associated with one end of the body member conical from its base to its apex,

and being the exterior surface of the wall of the sleeve having formed therein and constituting an integral part therewith a helical spiral, the flanks of which being of such pitch as to relieve resistance, causing the body to be powerfully drawn forward.

In testimony whereof he aflixes his signature hereto. Y

JOHN MAIER-BEIIRING. 

